Page 400 - Bank-Muamalat_Annual-Report-2023

BANK MUAMALAT MALAYSIA BERHAD

BASEL II
PILLAR 3 DISCLOSURE

4.0 CREDIT RISK (GENERAL DISCLOSURE) (CONT’D)
Credit Risk Management Approach

Credit risk is inherent in all credit-related activities such as in the granting of financing facilities and participation in
treasury and investment banking activities.
Credit risk exposures are controlled and managed at every stage of the credit process through various methods and
techniques. At the point of origination, the credit exposure is assessed with well-defined financing granting criteria,
which include the identification of a clear and adequate source of payment or income generation from the customer,
structuring of an effective financing package and incorporation of appropriate risk mitigants.
The Bank’s credit-origination and granting activities are segregated by business lines based on customer types/business
segments. Specifically, these are Business Banking for corporate, commercial and retail SME customers, Consumer Banking
for retail/individual customers and Investment Banking for syndications and capital market instruments. These departments
are responsible for marketing, developing and managing the Bank’s financing and investment assets as well as ensuring
the quality and timely delivery of its products and services.

The Bank has an established structure to facilitate the credit approval process which defines the appropriate level of
approving authority and limits. These approving authority and limits are duly sanctioned by the Board and are subject
to periodic reviews to assess its effectiveness as well as compliance. To enhance the risk identification process,
the financing proposals by the origination departments are subjected to independent credit reviews and risk assessments
by the relevant credit assessment departments prior to submission to the approving authority for decision.

Credit portfolios are managed and monitored against stipulated portfolio exposure limits with the objective to avoid
credit concentration and excessive build-up of exposures and to preserve the credit portfolios’ quality through timely
and appropriate corrective actions.
The Credit Risk report is produced and deliberated at the management and board level committees on a monthly basis
to monitor the overall exposures and limits. Risk Profiling Analysis on selected asset portfolios is conducted on a regular basis
to analyse the asset quality for possible deterioration or concentration build-up and potential weaknesses or threats arising
from internal and external factors.

Stress Test on credit exposures is used as a tool to identify possible events or future changes in the financial and economic
conditions that could have an unfavorable impact on the Bank’s exposures. It is also used to assess the Bank’s ability to
withstand such changes in relation to the capacity of capital and earnings to absorb potentially significant losses.

The monitoring and recovery of delinquent and problematic financing accounts are undertaken by two departments;
namely the Consumer Financing Supervision and Recovery Department (“CFSRD”) and the Business Financing Supervision
and Recovery Department (“BFSRD”). Within the BFSRD, the Early Care and Remedial Management units have been tasked
to monitor and undertake pre-emptive measures on business financing with early warning signs to prevent further
deterioration and/or initiate rehabilitation actions such as rescheduling and restructuring of the affected accounts.

Classification and loss provisioning of the Bank’s impaired financing and investment assets is performed upon determination
of impairment evidence and by categorisation into individual and collective assessment. The process and approach is
defined in the GCRP and other related policies and SOPs as prescribed under the MFRS 9 and BNM guidelines.

The Bank implemented credit risk rating approaches for its business and consumer financing portfolios i.e. application
and behavioral scorecards. The credit scorecards using statistical and heuristic-based methodologies were developed and
applied to assess the customers’ risk levels and work as a tool to assist in the Bank’s credit decision. The credit risk ratings
are also used in portfolio monitoring and limit setting and in building a more robust estimation of credit losses in the
future as required by regulatory requirements.

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